What Is Hysteroscopy?
Hysteroscopy is a procedure that allows your doctor to look inside the uterus using a thin telescope with a camera, called a hysteroscope. The hysteroscope is inserted through the vagina and cervix, so no incisions are needed. The camera projects images onto a screen, giving a clear view of the uterine cavity.
Hysteroscopy can be done for both diagnosis and treatment.
When Is Hysteroscopy Used?
Your doctor may recommend hysteroscopy to:
- Find the cause of abnormal uterine bleeding
- Evaluate infertility or repeated miscarriages
- Diagnose and remove uterine polyps or fibroids inside the cavity
- Check for adhesions (scar tissue) or uterine septum
- Remove a displaced or embedded intrauterine device (IUD)
- Guide biopsies or other treatments inside the uterus
When Is the Best Time for the Procedure?
Hysteroscopy is usually scheduled when you are not on your period. The first week after your period often provides the clearest view of the uterus.
How the Procedure Is Done
- Hysteroscopy may be performed in the office or hospital, depending on the reason for the procedure.
- Local anesthesia, sedation, or general anesthesia may be used.
- A speculum is placed in the vagina, and the cervix is gently opened if needed.
- The hysteroscope is passed through the cervix into the uterus.
- A small amount of liquid or gas is introduced to expand the uterus, giving a better view.
- If treatment is needed, small instruments can be passed through the hysteroscope to remove polyps, fibroids, or scar tissue.
The procedure usually takes less than 30 minutes.
Recovery
- You can usually go home the same day.
- Mild cramping or light bleeding for a few days is normal.
- Most women can return to normal activities within 1–2 days.
Risks
Hysteroscopy is generally safe. Rare risks include:
- Injury to the uterus or cervix
- Excessive bleeding
- Infection
- Reaction to anesthesia
When to Call Your Doctor
Seek medical care if you develop:
- Heavy vaginal bleeding (soaking more than one pad per hour)
- Severe abdominal pain not relieved by medication
- Fever or chills
- Foul-smelling vaginal discharge
